Air coverage decreased the number of attacks in the western approaches to the English Channel. In August 1942, aircraft were limited to proximity from the U.S., Canada, Iceland, Northern Ireland, Gibraltar, and the African coast. The Allies closed air coverage gaps in three ways: they expanded the number of air stations, developed longer-range aircraft, and integrated the escort carrier (CVE). The challenge for the Allies was to extend air coverage to cover the entire convoy route. Allied victory in the Battle of the Atlantic was the result of the Allies’ ability to eliminate gaps in air coverage with long range air and carrier-based convoy escorts. The Battle of the Atlantic tested the Allies’ ability to defend trans-Atlantic convoys at points throughout the European Theater of Operations, from Archangel to Cape Town and the Panama Canal to the Suez Canal convoys had to be protected from submarines. Navy’s historical use of air power and technology to overcome submarine advantages and then explore future improvements to close the gaps using unmanned aircraft. To defend the CVN or any high value vessels from submarines, we may find the answer to be similar to what it was in World War II and the Cold War. center of gravity for naval combat remains the CVN. This is not the first time that we have dealt with an increasingly dangerous submarine threat. These missiles threaten our Carrier Strike Groups (CSGs) because the CSG lacks an organic capability to detect and engage these submarines outside of the submarines’ WEZ. The Russian and Chinese navies have invested heavily in building quiet submarines capable of firing Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles (ASCMs) in excess of 200 nm. Today, the challenge to protect the carrier remains, and a dangerous new gap needs to be closed. The challenge was to protect the carrier both for convoy protection and force projection. During the Cold War Era, the center of gravity was the power projection capability of the carrier. In order to convoy ships across the Atlantic, the Allies had to close the gaps in air coverage. The Allied struggle was to reduce air coverage gaps in the Atlantic to effectively protect convoys. In the Second World War, the European naval war’s center of gravity was the trans-Atlantic convoys that supplied the Allies’ war effort. It enables them to conduct wide-area searches and engage submarines before a submarine can attack.Īirpower is vital to protecting the center of gravity. Taiwan's defense ministry believes the Chinese navy is trying to increase the Shandong's capability in operational environments around Taiwan and in the open seas.Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) is about putting sensors and weapons in place to detect and destroy submarines. The types of sensors have changed based on technological improvements and types of submarines, but the main principle is minimizing the sensor coverage gaps and engaging the submarine before it is within its weapons engagement zone (WEZ). Speed, endurance, and flexibility make aircraft excellent ASW platforms. The aircraft carrier was spotted navigating the Pacific again in September. The Shandong conducted drills in the Pacific for the first time in April this year. Japan said on Monday that the Chinese strike group was sailing toward the South China Sea through the Bashi Channel.Ĭhina's first domestically built carrier was commissioned in December 2019. It said fighter jets and helicopters conducted takeoff and landing maneuvers on the Shandong about 570 times between October 28 and November 5. Japan's Defense Ministry has been monitoring the carrier strike group's movements. Taiwan's defense ministry said the Shandong carrier strike group crossed the Bashi Channel on October 26 and entered the Western Pacific. The ministry says it has deployed "appropriate forces" to keep watch. on Thursday, the vessels were continuing to sail north, passing through waters off northern Taiwan. The ministry says the carrier strike group began sailing on the Chinese side of the median line of the strait on Wednesday afternoon. Taiwan's defense ministry says Chinese navy vessels led by the Shandong aircraft carrier have sailed through the Taiwan Strait, and are continuing to head north.
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